
Most of us, when we think about the Holocaust, probably think of ghettos, transport trains, concentration and extermination camps, gas chambers, crematoria, violent evil Gestapo agents, and monstrously inhuman prison guards.
In her book Between Dignity and Despair: Jewish Life In Nazi Germany, Marion A. Kaplan demonstrates that the sacrifice of European Jewry began long before the first Jew was locked away behind barbed wire. Kaplan chronicles the daily routine grinding inhumanities that began in 1933 as soon as Hitler came to power in Germany and continued until the War finally brought an end to Nazi brutality.
The Nazi skill and creativity in devising new means of dehumanizing and doing violence to the Jewish people starting in 1933 was almost boundless. It is hard to imagine how so much energy could be poured into drafting the masses of laws and regulations that poured out of the Hitler regime. It is unimaginable to think of the resources required on the part of the local police and the Gestapo to enforce these rules that touched every aspect of Jewish life.
Who a Jew could marry was regulated. Where they could shop and what they could buy was controlled. They were told how and where they could educate their children. What they could do with their own money, what associations they were able to participate in, where they could live, travel, and work were all increasingly regulated by the rules that poured out of the insane Nazi bureaucracy.
Behind every Nazi decision and action, lay the apparent determination to deprive Jewish people of any dignity, power of self-determination, or ability to conduct their lives in a normal peaceful humane manner. The extraordinary violence against Jewish people infiltrated every aspect of their lives, depriving them of the most basic freedoms.
Among the brutal stories Kaplan tells of ordinary routine everyday violence against good German citizens simply because they were Jewish, the story of the Ahawah Day Care Centre in Berlin is one of the most chilling. In the early 1940’s Jews were enlisted to work long hours at hard labour. Women whose husbands were dead, missing, or interned in a concentration camp were forced to place their, often young children in daycare in order to be able to fulfill their work demands. Kaplan says that these mothers
brought their children to the center around 5 AM…Late in the evening, dead tired, the mothers picked up the tots and went home. The routine continued until February 1943. Then the Nazis deported the children and their caretakers without warning. When the mothers arrived, they found empty strollers and cribs. Neighbors watched the mothers’ mounting horror as they realized that their children had been taken from then: ‘The mothers stood there for hours crying.’
This is an important picture to ponder because it is a picture we can imagine. We struggle to imagine gas chambers and crematoria. But we can imagine showing up at a place we had left our child believing they were safe and discovering they are gone. We can feel the sense of loss. We can experience the crushing anguish of knowing that someone has taken our innocent children intending only to destroy their beautiful young lives.
We need to feel these feelings so that we will make different choices. We need to let this terrible scene penetrate our being so that we will be pulled back from the brink every time we are tempted to look at another human being as if they were not fully human. We need to feel the wrenching pain of the Jewish mothers of Berlin so that we will always do all we can to protect the humanity of every person.
We need to be willing to enter into the anguish of these Berlin mothers’ loss so that we will never forget that the choices we make do matter. It matters how we treat one another. We cannot answer the excruciating questions of the Holocaust. We cannot heal every injustice in the world or ensure that there is never again violence in the world. But we can choose to treat one another with respect and gentleness. We can resist the temptation to dehumanize another person. We have the ability to live with openness and compassion. These things lie within our power.
The violence that culminated in the Holocaust started in the minds and hearts of people unwilling to accept the humanity of another human being. Having dehumanized an entire group of people, the perpetrators of violence against the Jews refused to enter into the painful circumstances of daily Jewish life. They refused to hear the cries of mothers whose arms ached to hold the children they would never see again.
When we refuse to live with deep respect for all people, we will inevitably end up communicating to someone the horrible lie that somehow, “You are not human.” The next steps are violence, injustice, and destruction.
The mothers of the children in the Ahawah Day Care Centre in Berlin call out to us to hold every human life with reverence, respect, and gentleness. Anything less perpetuates the violence that has plagued human history and diminishes us to the condition in which we are able to look away when faced with the reality of another person’s pain.

9 comments
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August 17, 2010 at 8:02 am
Rob H
In a lot of our responses prior we talked about the early years and the warnings to the outside world. One comment was you had to live to survive and as long as I was not being bothered yet!.
The story is just plain ugly and horrible yet in 1943 the transports had already started so you could see the hope of the labourers that they might be spared but in truth someone had another plan to whittle away each remaining hope of a desperate people.
In Berlin they could not destroy the areas where one lived as that would be like in Warsaw as in bringing that part of the War to the ordinary German people who were not aware of what was going on around them to some degree.
I might have this off base a bit , bear with me
August 17, 2010 at 8:45 am
Lindsay
There’s a quote … I can’t remember the exact words …. it goes something like this …
When they took away people who were Gypsies, we did nothing about it. When they took away people who were Jewish, we did nothing about it. When they took away people who were homosexual, we did nothing about it.
When they took away people who were of Romanian descent, we did nothing about.
When they took away people who were of Polish descent, we did nothing about it.
When they took away people who were of African descent, we did nothing about it.
When they came to take us away, there was nobody left to do anything about it.
August 17, 2010 at 11:29 am
Rob H
First they came…
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Martin Niemöller
“First they came …” is a famous statement attributed to Pastor Martin Niemöller (1892–1984) about the inactivity of German intellectuals following the Nazi rise to power and the purging of their chosen targets, group after group. The text expresses, in a condensed form, the understanding of history presented by Niemöller in a January 6, 1946 speech before representatives of the Confessing Church in Frankfurt.[1]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_they_came…
August 17, 2010 at 9:11 pm
Lindsay
Thanks Rob
August 19, 2010 at 8:09 am
Lindsay
Whatever way I look at it, when I’m told devout Muslims have pop bottle and abuse thrown at them when they come out of mosque on Fridays in Victoria, BC, it’s just wrong. And when my Muslim friend gets told to go home to her own country when she wears traditional Muslim clothing downtown that’s just wrong too.
When I don’t say anything about these things happening to my own people in my own backyard … even when it’s still relatively safe to express a contrary opinion in Canada … then I facilitate a mistaken belief that I’m okay with my own neighbours and friends expressing anti-Islamic sentiment in ways that are violent and inflammatory. If I choose not to say anything, to help create a balance, then I enable the median of acceptable and not acceptable ways to treat people in Victoria BC according to cultural norm to shift. If that makes any sense?
I realize I can’t do anything about violence and prejudice in the whole world … these things have been going on for centuries …. but surely I can express my concern as I encounter these things happening to my own friends and neighbours in my own backyard?
August 19, 2010 at 8:28 am
Rob H
Send an email to Times Colonist about what is happening, let the community police know. Make it visible.
Sounds like one of the ugly people in Victoria
August 19, 2010 at 6:23 pm
Lindsay
I must admit my immediate reaction is the same as your … call the police, write to the media, file legal charges, raise public awareness.
The thing is though, Rob … they are not “ugly” people to me. Throwing pop bottles is an external enactment … an “ugly” behaviour, and expression of a shadow which is also my shadow. I understand people who throw pop bottles, and forward anti-Islamic propaganda emails, who draw conclusions based on stereotypes, and where they have been.
They are as much my people and myself as my very dear family friend who goes to mosque.
Art this moment I can’t envision creating a public outcry which causes shame to anyone I care about and by extension myself … I also worry that a public outcry would further polarize what is already on the verge of being cemented into an “us vs them” paradigm, forcing people to feel they have to decide on which side of the fence they stand.
The way I see it, my challenge right now is to recognize and temper the violence I myself am capable of doing and to keep connecting with friends on a personal level, whatever religious affiliation … to keep talking about and dealing with these concerns as and when arise in my own backyard … so to speak … Sometimes it’s hard enough just to stay connected … thanks goodness for the internet
August 19, 2010 at 9:02 pm
Rob H
Hello friend Lindsay..
Seems our new mode of connecting.
I hear you, kind of like when we moved into our house eons ago, neighbour gave us a list of names of folks who had broken our lights prior to our moving.
We elected not to as we were not around and some of those kids became good neighbours.
I guess the thing is when do you say enough is enough and how to do it.
The issue is really between the Mosque folks and the abusers. When is it enough and if they ignore will the bully retreat.
Perhaps and perhaps they could reach out and invite them in for lunch?
August 20, 2010 at 4:18 pm
Lindsay
Funny you say that, Rob … I asked my friend what Islam teaches Muslims to do in this type of situations … the answer is the same as you suggest … offer kindness and turn the other cheek so ignore and walk away.