There are scholars who argue that any idea of “learning lessons” from the Holocaust is morally objectionable. They argue that to suggest that the Holocaust can be summed up in a tidy little moral message is to trivialize the unspeakable horror that the Holocaust embodies.
Dennis Prager does not agree. Prager, a nationally syndicated radio talk show host in Los Angeles. Prager believes it is possible to discern at least 10 “Lessons from the Holocaust” which he has posted at http://www.jewishjournal.com/dennis_prager/article/lessons_of_the_holocaust.
Whatever one thinks about drawing morals from the tragedy of Nazism, Prager’s suggestions are worth pondering.
Here (and in three later posts) are Prager’s “Lessons from the Holocaust” interspersed with a few of my reflections.
1. The Jews are the world’s canary in the mine.
When Jews are murdered, it is a warning to decent non-Jews that they are next. Because Western nations dismissed Nazi anti-Semitism as the Jews’ problem, 50 million non-Jews ended up dying. If the world dismisses Ahmadinejad’s Iran as primarily the Jewish state’s problem, non-Jews will suffer again. Jew-haters (or, if you will, haters of the Jewish state) begin with Jews but never end with them.
Whatever we may think about Prager’s politics, his point is certainly well taken. Violence always breeds more violence. Those who stand complacently by when violence overtakes their neigbhour, should not be surprised when they find themselves under attack. The only way to prevent violence is to look boldly at it wherever it emerges and do whatever is in one’s power to counter the violence one observes with the weapons of gentleness and truth.
We do well to take to heart the sobering words of Martin Niemöller (1892–1984)
First they came for the communists,
and I didn’t speak out because I wasn’t a communist.Then they came for the socialists
and I didn’t speak out because I wasn’t a socialist.Then they came for the trade unionists,
and I didn’t speak out because I wasn’t a trade unionist.Then they came for me,
and there was no one left to speak for me.
(nb: it is not known when exactly Niemöller wrote these words and there are a variety of versions in circulation. This version is the one publicized by the Martin-Niemöller-Foundation. Oddly/sadly/incomprehensibly… this version leaves out any reference to the Jews. The ommission may reflect Martin Niemöller’s widely acknowledged antisemitism that he seems to have only really overcome by the end of the war.)
There is a self-interested appeal in Niemöller‘s words that I do not find entirely satisfying as a motive for standing up for truth. However, the point is well taken that indifference breeds indifference; violence leads to violence. A more peaceful world will only begin with me being a more peaceful person.
2. People are not basically good.
At any time in history, the belief that people are basically good was irrational and naïve. To believe it after the Holocaust — and after the communist genocides in China, Korea, Cambodia and Ukraine; the Turkish slaughter of the Armenians; and the mass murders in Rwanda, Congo, Tibet and elsewhere — is beyond irrational and naïve. It is stupid and dangerous, and therefore inexcusable.
Prager’s list of horrors is a chilling and sobering reminder of the depravity to which human beings at times descend. Human beings are undoubtedly capable of the most excruciating viciousness.
But, are China, Korea, Cambodia et al, the only piece of evidence in the human drama? Is Nazism really the final word about the true nature of what it means to be human? What about the countless unnoticed uncelebrated acts of extraordinary kindness and selfless generosity that have been conducted from generation to generation?
Why would we only count the holocausts in our estimation of what it means to be human? Why not factor in the endless acts of self-sacrificing grace parents extend to their children, health care professionals to their patients, international aid workers to those who are destitute? If they were written down as exhaustively as the acts of terror, the unrecorded acts of kindness that have never been absent from the human story, could go a long way to offering a different vision of what it means to be truly human.
Is it not possible that when we extend generosity towards another, we are in fact acting more in tune with our true nature than when we steal, kill and destroy?
****************
nb: When I began thinking about Prager’s “Lessons from the Holocaust”, the April 15 2013 bombing at the Boston Marathon took place. I was sent a Facebook post by Patton Oswalt, of whom I had never heard. Oswalt’s response stands as a moving reply to Prager’s second point.
With apologies for the language, here is Oswalt’s response to the horrific and tragic Boston Marathon bombing:

Boston. Fucking horrible.I remember, when 9/11 went down, my reaction was, “Well, I’ve had it with humanity.”
22 comments
Comments feed for this article
May 31, 2013 at 6:58 am
Steve
“…the belief that people are basically good was irrational and naïve.”
“But the vast majority stands against that darkness and, like white blood cells attacking a virus, they dilute and weaken and eventually wash away the evil doers and, more importantly, the damage they wreak. This is beyond religion or creed or nation.”
I think both these statements are not quite correct. The truth is we have moral freedom. We are not divided into two groups, the good and the evil. None of us is basically good or evil. It is a choice and as long as that is so, there will be evil, not because there are two factions warring against each other, but because we have moral freedom. If that were not true, we would all be drones without the uniquely human freedom of making our own choices.
Mr. Oswalt is wrong in his assertion that “…the vast majority stands against that darkness” and that this fact is “beyond religion”. Religion is a moral compass, it gives us moral guidance without which there may not be that vast majority. I don’t think Mr. Oswalt understands the role of religion in in human existence. Without a compass we would no more know darkness from light than animals, we would live in an amoral world where we would not be having this conversation. The 300 million people killed during the 20th century as a result of both sectarian and non-sectarian violence would be of no more importance than the weather forecast.
May 31, 2013 at 7:37 am
Jennifer
Watched my inside as I read Prager and noticed fear well up. Watched my inside as I read Oswalt and felt sadness, then peace. I would rather live from the place of the good will outnumber you, and always will. That seems a better choice.
May 31, 2013 at 10:44 am
Steve
I guess I should have mentioned that those who stand against the darkness are and will forever be the victors due to the work of Christ on the cross.
“I have told you these things, so that in me you may have peace. In this world you will have trouble. But take heart! I have overcome the world.”
John 16:33
Good has overcome evil once and for ever. In Christ we have that assurance. Without Him we would not have that assurance and that’s what Mr. Oswalt and many others do not understand. Without Jesus there would be no rational reason to be optimistic about the future or to believe his comforting thought “The good outnumber you, and we always will” and that those who stand against darkness will forever continue to “dilute and weaken and eventually wash away the evil doers.” This fact is not beyond religion, it is what religion is.
June 3, 2013 at 9:43 pm
Kim
I’m with Jennifer on Oswalt’s statement.
I know a great many “good” people who are either not religious or of other faiths who would pull me or my kids from a burning car. Would give up their seat for the elderly, or would sit and listen patiently while strangers shared their story. There are indeed more of these human beings than otherwise. Some may even once have played for the other team.
You would not necessarily see their Christ Club card when shaking hands.
June 4, 2013 at 9:23 am
Steve
Kim you say “there are indeed more of these human beings than otherwise.” Patton Oswalt takes comfort in the statement “The good outnumber you, and we always will.” How does he know this. Why would this be so? What assurance do we have this is true?
You seem to be saying you have no use for religion and I can understand why. You probably don’t have any “use” for it. Might I also assume you have no need of God? Perhaps you don’t “need” God. My question is does God need you?
The Christ Club card is nothing but a credit card and membership does NOT have its privileges. Please read the Parable of the Good Samaritan. (Luke 10: 25-37)
The first and greatest commandment which precedes all other love is love of God, i.e. love of Love. It is the first principle of human existence. Without it, life would be meaningless and random as many atheist philosophers believe it to be. I don’t think people who say they do not believe in God truly understand what they are saying. Without God there would be no love because God IS love. Religion is defined as “service and worship of God or the supernatural”. Since God is love, you might think of it as service and worship of Love. No one commits an act of love without acknowledging God. They may wish to claim credit for their goodness but they are deceiving themselves. If the person who pulls you from a burning car spends the rest of their life bragging about it then aren’t they somehow negating their valor? Who or what should we give credit to?
I am sure you would agree we are all individually responsible for our own actions but my question is to who or what are we responsible. Does disdain for religion excuse one from responsibility for their actions.
God cannot be seen or defined, He is like a shadow. We can only see the shadow and the shadow is nothing but light contrasting with dark on the pavement but we know something real has to cast the shadow.
Consider the following parable.
The Parable of the Two Sons
“What do you think? There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’ “‘I will not,’ he answered, but later he changed his mind and went. “Then the father went to the other son and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I will, sir,’ but he did not go. “Which of the two did what his father wanted?”
“The first,” they answered.
“Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did. And even after you saw this, you did not repent and believe him.”
Matthew 21:28-32
And finally there is this one:
“The Sheep and the Goats
“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, he will sit on his glorious throne. All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left.
“Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world. For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.’
“Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? When did we see you a stranger and invite you in, or needing clothes and clothe you? When did we see you sick or in prison and go to visit you?’
“The King will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did for me.’
“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink, I was a stranger and you did not invite me in, I needed clothes and you did not clothe me, I was sick and in prison and you did not look after me.’
“They also will answer, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or needing clothes or sick or in prison, and did not help you?’
“He will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.’
“Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.”
Matthew 25: 31-46
There are sheep and goats. Some of the sheep are religious and some not. Some of the sheep seem to be evil and some of the goats seem to be good. Only God knows, the rest of us are not to judge. Make of this what you will but please don’t throw the baby out with the bath water and also notice there is no mention above about whether or not people are inherently good or evil. There are sheep and goats. There are lot of questions that have no answer.
June 6, 2013 at 8:35 pm
Kimgye
Mmmmmmmmm. “Count on it”
I can still remember my mom saying those words to me when telling me that my father would “deal with me” when he got home. Well, that was my first experience with judgement at my fathers hands. Of course the punishment followed immediately. Unfortunately, I visited a little bit of that fear on my own children before I realized the damage done. God’s grace carried my children through that relatively unscathed. I am grateful and thankful for that mercy to this day.
If judgement is going to be my reward when I pass, then bring it on I say. I have had a mitt full of judgement in my life. The worst of it was my own of course. I have actually imagined my conversation with God being something like “I think you have done enough judging for the both of us. All is well Kim”
And this would not be in the form of spoken words. More like an immediate knowing within me, much like Eben Alexander writes in “Proof of Heaven” .
I can’t imagine Gods form of communication being so limiting and rudimentary as a spoken language.
So, I really don’t sweat the details in the bible. I am old enough to have heard a few Pastors put their own spin on the same passage. Reciting the original meaning etc. I listen now for what their heart is saying. Your heart seems to always know the truth. I don’t really believe that God wants my experience with him to be one of fear. But again, I could be wrong on that. I guess we don’t get to know the answer until we pass. In the meantime I need to listen much more than I speak
June 5, 2013 at 10:01 pm
Kim
You say quite a bit here Steve. You also assume a little bit too. But I have to say only that there are many good people in this world. And many of them do not belong to our faith. Many of them might, if questioned, profess no faith at all at this time. Who are we to judge them? I am happy to enjoy them as friends, employ some of them and sit happily behind them at a traffic light (okay, not always happily) or wait for them to find change in their purse at the supermarket. If they needed to think of all the things you wrote about before acting for another, would they be successful in their attempt?
My God already knows their hearts. He/She already knows whether they will find their faith at a later point, find a different path, or not even inquire at all . My job is to do my best to love , or at least respect them all. Do my best to listen to them, that I might be blessed by knowing them. They do not need to know that I am a Christian, it is my job to live like one as best I can. My prayer might be for God to bless all those who I interact with and that I may learn more about my God’s inclusive love for this world through my relationship with them. I notice that as I age I am feeling more like one with others than separate. I am sure this talk is heresy to some of our faith. That’s okay with me. At the end of my days I will greet my maker and he may well say: “You should have listened to Steve about that one Kim”. I have up til now learned all my lessons the hard way! I sure enjoy all the contributions you and others make on Christopher’s blog. I so often find myself nodding as I read your posts.
June 5, 2013 at 10:53 pm
Jennifer
Lovely. 🙂
June 6, 2013 at 7:16 am
jaqueline
There you go Kim, you didn’t know you had it in you, did ya….be the bloke with a word of inspiration…Inspired I am….( truly ) I agree with Jennifer…lovely.
and challenged: “I notice that as I age I am feeling more like one with others than separate.”
I have been noticing that I feel more one with life but more grumpy with the general human race…why can’t they feel more one with me? 😉
June 6, 2013 at 7:47 am
Steve
Kim, First I have to say thank you for taking the time to read and think about what turned into a short thesis. Secondly, I agree with everything you say, it has been something I have been thinking about for years. I know atheist who are good loving and caring people. They have more love than I can ever hope to have. I know atheist, agnostics, and and some who are indifferent to religion who enjoy a happiness and fullness of life that I can only envy. Some if not many of these people are wealthy and secure while I have lost everything.
In lieu of these facts, I have over the years asked myself, so what is the point of Christianity. What does it do for me? It hasn’t brought me peace or prosperity. I am far from a moral exemplar. I wanted to think I was somehow in a better position than they but I couldn’t for the life of me figure out why. I know I am “saved” but that thought frankly gives me no relief when I have been despairing. What is this thing called Christianity all about, it had for me at the time no reality. On top of everything else, I don’t even for the most part like those people who call themselves Christian, especially fundamentalist. Going to Sunday school gave me the creeps, I felt like I didn’t belong there because I was not like them, I don’t even want to be like them.
So I hope you understand where I am coming from. I am trying not to write another thesis here but I don’t think you fully understand what I was saying. A person proclaims his religion with his life, not his words. We all will be judged by our deeds, not who we say we are. Calling oneself a Christian confers no special privileges, it does not insure entrance into heaven, it does not make one a sheep.
So where does Jesus enter all this? What about all these scandalous, then and now, statements he made. Exactly what did He really teach? Is He who He says He is?
I can tell you the answer is yes, He is, and I would without hesitation stake my life on that. He is not a watered down to make more acceptable version of the Jesus portrayed in the Bible, He is everything He says He is.
Kim, I can’t really say in so many words what I mean but it is something like saying there are two seemingly contradictory truths here and I don’t know the answer. It is not within the realm of any man’s ability to resolve the two. It is like a dynamic tension, none of us has the answer, but we are nevertheless responsible to God for the way we lead our lives and we cannot skirt that responsibility by saying we don’t believe in God. I have had my eyes opened and I see now but words fail me when I try to tell you what I see. It is simple common sense, it is there in black and white, a twelve year old can understand it but I couldn’t see it for over 35 years.
I will have to leave it there and with the same statement as previously, there are some questions that don’t have answers. Jesus died for the sins of the world, not just those people who call themselves Christian. Every man, woman, and child will be judged but we will be judged individually, we will not be compared to anyone except ourselves. The same standard will not be used for everyone. Will it be limited to those who accept Jesus as their lord and savior? I don’t know but I don’t think so. The passage I quoted previously says there are sheep and there are goats. What is the criteria used to separate them? It is this: “For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.’” Conspicuously absent is “you accepted Jesus as your lord and savior”.
No man is exempt from this responsibility by nature of what they believe. There are no group passes. We are responsible individually to God. But it is not “pie in the sky”. We can live in the Kingdom of Heaven here on earth, Jesus gives us the way. He is the only way. Read the teachings of Jesus and tell me if you know another way, if you can imagine a better way. Jesus said to Peter “Simon son of John, do you love me?” He answered, “Yes, Lord, you know that I love you.” Jesus said, “Take care of my sheep.” And from the passage I quoted “‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did for me.’” Are there other ways? Do you want to diminish the teaching of Jesus by saying His is just one way among many.
You said in your response to me: “there are many good people in this world. And many of them do not belong to our faith. Many of them might, if questioned, profess no faith at all at this time. Who are we to judge them?” The answer is we don’t dare judge them. But God will. Count on it.
June 6, 2013 at 6:41 pm
jaqueline
which god do you believe in Steve?
” I have not come to judge the world but the save it….”
I am counting on the God that said that.
How is it that evangelicals can give lip service to Jesus, the merciful,”died for us so we might not see death but have eternal life not by our works lest we should boast but by the work of Christ, so no man should boast ” and then turn around and say that we can count on God judging people?
It actually sounds like a bit of judgement when what is written is God judging ‘them’. However if what had been written was God judging ‘us’ well then that is another story. All in the same boat and not being boastful of ‘our’ salvation and all that.
June 6, 2013 at 8:01 pm
Steve
Jaqueline, I do not speak for evangelicals, only for myself. What did Jesus come to save the world from? What was all that teaching about? If you want to live your life with no sense of accountability for how you lived it as if you have received a free pass, please, feel free. That said, I don’t have all the answers. That whole faith/works argument gives me a headache.
June 6, 2013 at 8:37 pm
Kimgye
Oops, posted that reply in the wrong place!
June 7, 2013 at 8:39 am
Steve
“So, I really don’t sweat the details in the bible.”
That’s too bad Kimgye, you are all the poorer for that.
If you have turned a blind eye to those in need you have crossed paths with and feel guilty, that is good. If I have said anything that causes you to fear the judgment of God and eternal death I say good. You are ready to hear the good news, I mean really hear it. All your transgressions have been atoned for by the work of Jesus on the cross. Your sins have been erased and you should jump for joy. If you want more information on this I suggest you stop “not sweating the details in the Bible.” It’s all there so that you might have life and have it abundantly. It’s there so you can experience and re-experience the loving, patient, compassionate grace of God. It is there as an antidote for any guilt, fear, or despair you may experience.
What led me to mention the parable of the sheep and the goats goes back to a blog Christopher wrote a while back. In it he emphasizes the focus of the parable of the sheep and the goats is not exclusion but surprising inclusion. It seems that some of you missed my point and jumped down to the bottom and latched on to the last sentence. That is there to deter or discourage anyone looking for cheap grace. It is there on behalf of all those who are suffering or needy and being ignored. It’s like the man said, fear of God is the beginning of all wisdom. I offer no apologies.
May 31, 2013 at 8:45 am
Tress
It may be second childhood or just too much tiredness to fight with the philosophy of it all, but once again a childs’ hymn comes to mind as my answer.
‘let there be peace on earth’
and let it begin with me’
May 31, 2013 at 7:39 pm
Rose Nooteboom
“..the depravity to which human beings at times descend.”
At TIMES?!
ALL the time. In little ways and big ways.
Witness the petty little hatreds and snarling and prejudices and fears and greediness and foibles in the food court, and wonder if those sitting there have any idea that those ‘little’ attitudes are what became kindling to fuel the flame of the Holocaust.
And some of those ‘normal’ people will go home and yell at their kids and some will let them watch video games with heads smashed and eyes gashed. A mother will let her little tyrant hit her and yell at her and then carry on in a sweet and gentle voice, so what do you want for dinner?
The more we are able to understand the morass we are swimming in, the more we will understand why it is that all we are called to be and do is love. It is all we are called to do. And those pinpoints of love are miraculous flickers of light in the dark…..being real about the evil of humanity does not mean that goodness does not exist. We have come to know good and evil……if we are in denial of one or the other……..
The more we understand that Mao and Hitler ( I don’t put Stalin in the same league ) believed they were saving the world, that they were ushering in a new world of goodness and perfection for the people they hoped to save, the more we will understand that our pitiful attempts at being good has a deep and dark underbelly that has all the stench and appeal of a slaughter house in the nostrils of God.
May 31, 2013 at 10:40 pm
Rose Nooteboom
“The ommission may reflect Martin Niemöller’s widely acknowledged antisemitism that he seems to have only really overcome by the end of the war.)”
…..or the omission may reflect what we persistently ignore: that the average German was far more concerned about what was happening to the the Germans around them than to what was happening to the Jewish community.
Or it might indicate that there were other people who had nothing to do with being Jewish that were targeted by the Nazis: Communists, Trade Unionists and Socialists were the original concentration camp inmates.
The Jews were also targeted because they were an enemy of the state ( in the eyes of the Nazis ) as were many many other sorts of people. (14-20 million many )
Viewing the Nazi years and the mass murders in Europe exclusively through the Holocaust lens ( ie through the experience of the Jewish community ) means we miss the lessons we are supposedly wanting to learn. How are we to apply the lessons of the Holocaust to the rest of humanity if the experience of others is ignored in the first place?
And by the way…apparently a lot of people only finally got over antisemitism by the end of the war.
June 1, 2013 at 5:38 am
Christopher Page
Rose, I admire your tenacity in staying on message with this insight and have begun to be more sensitized to it through reading William L. Shirer’s “Berlin Diary”. Shirer was a US correspondent stationed mostly in Berlin from 1934-1941. He was not antisemitic, but his diaries profoundly illustrate the many concerns that were preoccupying most Germans during the lead up to and through the early years of the war. He was deeply determined to live consciously in Germany despite the barrage of Nazi propaganda to which the world was subjected. Yet Shirer was pretty clearly unaware, certainly up until the end of 1941 of the extent of the horror that was being unleashed by the Nazis. His story, like so many of the stories in the late 30s and early 40s was a war story. You are right we are not well-served by reducing the German story merely to a tale of antisemitism. But, neither are we well-served by diminishing in any way the horror of antisemitism throughout history. Perhaps as a Christian I feel more acutely the bite of antisemitism, due to my sense of culpability in this horror through the atrocious theology that has emerged from many Christian circles and lent itself so readily to attacks on Jewish people.
June 1, 2013 at 7:16 am
Rose Nooteboom
Thank you Christopher! ( relieved )
(I am not sure I am entirely comfortable to see all sides of the story and yet feel to speak up for the side that does not have a voice, or is not seen properly, especially when that side is supposed to be the ‘bad side’.)
Imagine if Shirer, an intelligent and aware US citizen had to be determined to live consciously and couldn’t conceive of the horror that a ‘bright future’ might leave in it’s wake, just imagine what chance the ordinary person might have had…..
You touch on an issue that is close to my heart and mind too. The history of antisemitism in the Western Christendom. Often I think the reason we focus on the Nazi version of it is :
We in the west do not want to own up to our deep culpability and guilt for the Shoa . We want to be the heroes of the story. Not let it ruin ‘our brave fight’ . We say ” that was not us” when it was, actually. What the Nazis did was the logical and natural outcome of thousands of years of murderous attitudes to the Jews. They just put it into practice….once and for all they had hoped.
I was deeply disturbed to discover the other day that not only did Henry Ford get an honorary degree from the Nazis …but that his 4 volume ” The International Jew” was the seminal work which Hitler read and took seriously to form his policies and actions toward the Jewish community.
I have often wondered what Ford did to get a degree, surely it couldn’t have been just because he was a fan of the Nazis….no, it was the other way around. The Nazis were a fan of his. Ford’s name ought to be as damned as Hitler’s in the this story.
June 1, 2013 at 7:58 am
Rose Nooteboom
Just checking out what Wikipedia has to say about those volumes…thsi quote almost made me cry ( for so many reasons) :
At the Nuremberg Trials, Baldur von Schirach:
“… we saw in Henry Ford the representative of success, also the exponent of a progressive social policy. In the poverty-stricken and wretched Germany of the time, youth looked toward America, and apart from the great benefactor, Herbert Hoover, it was Henry Ford who to us represented America.”[2]
June 1, 2013 at 7:59 am
Rose Nooteboom
*just checking this morning*
May 31, 2013 at 10:45 pm
jaqueline
“We would not be here if humanity were inherently evil. We’d have eaten ourselves alive long ago.”
the only reason we are still here is because of the mercy of God
and the fact our birth rate is greater than the murders we commit.