It is a risky thing to compare anyone to Adolph Hitler and any moment in history to the endless moments of horror that unfolded in Europe between 1933 and 1945.
But, with thoughtfulness, and a deep awareness of history, it is possible to draw cautious parallels between the rise of Nazism in the 1930’s and the current political situation unfolding in the US. Nathan Stoltzfus, the Dorothy and Jonathan Rintels Professor of Holocaust Studies at Florida State University and the author of Hitler’s Compromises: Coercion and Consensus in Nazi Germany, has the qualifications to draw the lessons we need to heed from the early years of the twentieth century.
I have posted the link to his important essay on my FaceBook page. But Stoltzfus’ words are important enough to copy a few excerpts here. The whole essay should be read at: http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/07/31/trump-versus-hitler-are-we-better-than-weimar-germany.html
Here, in my words, are nine parallels Stoltzfus observes followed by excerpts from his description:
- German leaders overestimated their ability to control Hitler:
Like those who helped Hitler to power, politicians and operatives have decided that they can harness Trump to their own purposes. Polls consistently show that two thirds or more of Americans have a negative impression of Trump. But he still could become our next president as Republican politicians and operatives help maneuver him into power.
- People consistently underestimated Hitler’s ability:
In September 1930, as the Nazis surged in the polls to become Germany’s second largest party, German president Paul von Hindenburg was confronted with how to handle Hitler, founder and leader of the Nazis. General Hindenburg initially scorned Hitler as a “Bohemian Corporal,” in reference to his Austrian origins and lowly rank in World War I.
- Hitler benefited from the fact that Germany was a polarized nation:
But Hitler benefited from Weimar’s polarized political atmosphere, fed by the national loss of prestige and power in World War I, now greatly exacerbated by the Great Depression, and illustrated acutely by the continuing popularity of the German Communist Party. With the election of July 1932, the Nazis formed Germany’s most popular party, and conservatives convinced Hindenburg to appoint Hitler chancellor, amusing themselves with the belief that they would soon push him into a corner so hard he would squeak.
- Hitler portrayed himself as a strong leader and appealed to peoples’ long for simple solutions to enormously complex problems:
Like Hitler, Trump likes to promote the image of a great leader that no one has to question. Many, eager to believe in an easy solution, appear eager to embrace it. Both encouraged a direct popular dependency on a man rather than a system or constitution.
- Hitler polarized the nation creating a vision of insiders and outsiders/good guys and bad guys:
Both have encouraged unity at the expense of outsiders. Both have issued a license for the crowds to unite in feeling like they can set their emotions free from social constraints.
- Hitler promised to make Germany great again:
Coming to power by promising to make Germany great again, Hitler convinced more and more Germans to yield to him as a spectacular Leader. Then he drew them further and further into collaboration with the crimes resulting from his racism, a process that continued to develop a sense of insider-belonging and a new sense of power for his followers.
- Too many people believed that the majority would soon see through Hitler’s violent rhetoric and he would be dismissed from the public stage:
The countless predictions that this or that impolitic comment would lead to Trump’s demise, followed by overconfidence that Trump will certainly lose the coming election, overlook the eagerness of voters to maintain the image of a leader they wish for.
- Germans, naively it turns out, assumed their institutions could withstand the siren call of tyranny:
As Weimar warns, constitutional protections can crumble in the face of majorities amassed by a demagogue. Sure Trump is a racist, but the fundamental threat in his use of racism to incite the crowds, illustrated in his case attack on Judge Gonzalo Curiel, is the possibility of gathering popular support sufficient to abrade the constitution and its balance of powers. Hitler had also aimed to remake law according to the will of his “racial” German people, once they followed him unquestioningly.
- For a time, Hitler was a “winner.” Everyone loves a “winner”:
The more Trump wins, the more people once reluctant to support him will want to attach themselves to him—like the established Trump enablers who hope to use him.
And so, Nathan Stoltzfus ends with a serious warning:
It is unlikely that [those who are currently enabling Mr. Trump] will be able to exercise any more control over him, should Trump continue to whip up his crowds with the help of the presidential bully pulpit.
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As a distant observer of the US political scene, it seems reprehensible that there are US political leaders who refuse to call Mr. Trump to account for his dangerous rehetoric, his divisive words, and his deeply disrespectful attitude towards a large portion of the population. I believe Americans are better than this. They are kinder and more gentle than Mr. Trump. They will not be duped endlessly. The day will come as enough voices are raised against the attitudes he embodies that the Dump Trump movement will find a way to prevail and civility will return to public discourse. Shame on all those who do anything to forestall such a day.
6 comments
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July 31, 2016 at 7:50 pm
Jaqueline
“I believe Americans are better than this. They are kinder and more gentle than Mr. Trump. They will not be duped endlessly.”
I am surprised by these words.
Trump has gained power because the less than kind and gentle tendencies in human beings has full permission to show itself. The fact that Trump has this much popularity proves that many Americans are in fact as bad as he is.
The other thing is that “Americans are better than this” is written here and in the article as if many Germans were not also better than Hitler supporters.
Americans are fawning over a rotter with not even half the excuse the Germans had, not half the suffering, and not half the sense of defeat and hopelessness that caused many to see Hitler as a saviour.
July 31, 2016 at 8:35 pm
Kathy
Re this article, you can do better than this.
August 1, 2016 at 6:37 am
Anna Bowness-Park
I think the main thing here is to understand that Trump is the consummate salesman. He is selling Trump, and he is controlling the political agenda and media with outrageous remarks that will get everyone to talk about his brand rather than about serious ideas. This is what makes the man so dangerous.
The more we talk about his brand – the better the buy in from the public. Lots of retail companies have been very successful at this gambit and we are all falling for it. Example – Bennetton shoes have done some amazingly controversial/obnoxious sales pitches and made millions. They are called shock ads. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/benetton-history-shocking-ad-campaigns-pictures-252087
Shock ads is how Trump decimated the Republican opposition to get nominated. What is the antidote to successful shock advertising in a consumer world? This campaign is not about ideas it is about selling Trump to a consumer society – who will then wake up to Buyers Remorse, That is the problem. And every time we write about him, we are aiding his campaign.
August 1, 2016 at 10:05 am
Christina
Recent analysis has shown that many who support Trump are male, white and poor. Education is also seen to be a factor in this group. But another significant factor was the feeling of “powerlessness and voicelessness.” As an article in The Atlantic put it, very accurately in my mind, Trump is playing to the fears of those non-graduates who have not been able to keep up with globalization and the loss of local manufacturing. The world is a threatening place to them. They don’t understand it. They don’t understand history. It’s not a “complex problem.” The US has blinded itself to the ever widening gap in its society for decades and has created the illusion of believing it is the greatest country on earth. This is the result.
August 1, 2016 at 2:26 pm
Bob Walsh
While it is obviously true that Donald Trump is a dangerous and divisive voice now being heard on the world stage, it is short-sighted and wrong to lump the US and all US citizens into one group…a wrong-headed and pompous nation now reaping what it sowed. Just as the vote by the UK to leave the EU was a contested one, with an outcome unwanted by millions of UK citizens, the opinions of Trump are deeply offensive to many many US citizens. We are…all of us…just people struggling with a world of seemingly constant danger, and governments caught on a perilous world stage. As challenging and daunting as it is, I feel that I must try and light candles rather than curse the darkness, and find a way to understand all people…even those who are so hopeless and fearful as to embrace the potential leadership of a demagogue.
August 3, 2016 at 9:08 pm
Christina
According to the US Dept of Education and The National Institute of Literacy 32 million Americans can’t read. I think it isn’t short-sighted to look at the real United States of America in the light of evidence that surely has the rest of the world questioning it’s claim to be the greatest country on earth? It was the US who decided to go after Saddam Hussein and invade Iraq based on what? The false premise that he had weapons of mass destruction.The world might be a different place today if the US had taken another step.